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ASSESSMENT
OF THE EMPLOYABILITY
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
The source
of quality in education would include well maintained buildings with all
required gadgets being conducive to learning, outstanding lecturers, high moral
values, excellent examination results, specialization, the support of parents,
business, local community and non-governmental organization’s support, adequate
facilities, the application of the latest technology, strong and purposeful
leadership, care and concern for pupils or students, a balanced curriculum that
is, the curriculum that matches the employers’ demand in the labour market
(Adeyanju and Olaniyi, 2015).
The quality
of graduates in Nigeria is on a rapid decline especially in the area of
valuable skills including; communication, technical abilities, human
interaction, social, conceptual and analytical capacity (Anho, 2011).
Anho (2011)
noted further that the National University Commission (NUC) in 2000 organized a
curriculum review debate in collaboration with other stakeholders in the
education and observed graduates who left schools between 1995 and 2000; they
found out that standards have actually declined in those critical skills.
Consequently, the NUC in its statutory responsibility embarked on conducting
comprehensive curriculum review exercise to address current and future high
level manpower needs, so that the products from the system can actually compete
well with their counterparts around the globe. The mechanism for improving and
sustaining quality and high standard in the universities has been set by the
Federal Government of Nigeria. However, the actual implementation is yet to
yield any meaningful results as quality of university graduates whether from
the field of Law or other disciplines has continue to generate intensive
debates and worries.
In today’s
competitive and challenging global world with diverse demands, many countries
are facing serious problems of graduate employability (Adesina, 2013). As a
result, the higher education sectors are under immense pressure from
governments, employers and parents to produce quality graduates that can be
economically engaged at the individual, national and global level (Teichler,
2007). Such graduates should possess a combination of attributes that will
enable them to take an adaptive and proactive approach to their careers
(Bezuidenhout, 2011).
Eurosat
(2013) noted that employability is about having the capability to gain initial
employment, maintain employment and obtain new employment if required. For the
individual, employability depends upon: assets in terms of knowledge, skills
and attitudes; the way these assets are used and deployed; presentation of
assets to potential employers and the context within which the individual
works, e.g. labour market and personal circumstances.
This is
therefore a key challenge to tertiary institutions in Nigeria, which produces
over 300,000 graduates annually; a number that should ordinarily meet the
country’s human capital resources needs (Oyesiku, 2010). But employers willing
to pay well to attract skilled workers are increasingly finding it difficult to
fill job vacancies. Akanmu (2011) opines that products of the Nigerian
University system have at different forum been challenged to test their
suitability or otherwise to secure few available white collar jobs. He went
further to say that the situation is not only sympathetic but embarrassing that
the vast human material resources available to the country had not been trained
and utilized to the advantage of the country. Thus the undertaking of this
study will beam a searchlight on the employability of law graduates in Lagos
State universities.
1.2 Statement of Problem
Employers of
labour in Nigeria often complain that graduates are poorly prepared for work.
They believe that academic standards have fallen considerably over the past
decade and that a university degree is no longer a guarantee of communication
skills or technical competence. As a result, university graduates are commonly
viewed as “half baked.”
One of the
most aching challenges confronting Nigeria today is the issue of unemployment.
It has become so severe that policy-makers, parents and youths, especially
graduates alike are having sleepless nights over it. The issue has been in the
front burner of national discourse in recent years. The unemployment question
is even aggravated by the increasing number of graduates being churned out
annually by tertiary institutions made up of Universities, Polytechnics,
monotechnics and Colleges of Education (Educational and Employability Survey
Report, 2014).
More
worrisome is the problem of graduate employability, which has rendered many
Nigerian graduate unemployable. This is because, while it is one thing for
tertiary institutions to produce graduates, it is another for the products of
these schools to meet up with employers’ requirements, skills or competences
for employment. Employers of labour often complain that some of these graduates
though professionally or technically qualified are unemployable, in that they
lack the requisite, essential skills or competencies needed in the job or for
sustainable employment. These skills create a gap in their knowledge (Sodipo,
2014).
Stories and
jokes abound in Nigeria regarding the supposed shortcomings of university
graduates. Yet empirical information and reports are rare. What is the real
situation? Is graduate employability a serious problem? How do employers assess
the qualifications of current degree-holders? How well do graduates perform
when they are able to obtain employment? This study will fill in the gap by
critically assessing the employability of law graduates in Lagos State
universities.
1.3 Purpose of the Study
The study
will be conducted with the following objectives:
i.
To find out the effect of quality education on university law graduates
employability in Lagos State.
ii.
To examine the extent at which the possession of communication skills is
related to graduates employability.
iii.
To measure the relationship between technical competence and law
graduates employability in Lagos State
1.4 Research Questions
This study
will be guided by the following research questions:
1. What is the effect of quality education on
university law graduates employability in Lagos State?
2. To what extent is the possession of
communication skills related to graduates employability?
3. What is relationship between technical
competence and law graduates employability in Lagos State?
1.5 Significance of the Study
Previous
researchers have been very divergent in their views about the relationship
between employability and law graduates in Lagos State universities. This study
will therefore be of great significance as it will add to the already existing
literature.
The outcomes
of research study will serve as feedback to the education sector especially the
departments of Teacher Training and Development and Curriculum and Evaluation.
The study will influence policy formulation pertaining to the training of
teachers/lecturers in the future.
The outcomes
of the study will also be useful to university students, like students in the
field of educational management when doing a likely research. The study would be significant to policy
makers and implementers at large, as they would make use of the findings and
recommendations of this study.
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