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ANALYSIS
OF THE EFFECTS OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS ON TOURISM HABITS AMONG
RESIDENTS
ABSTRACT
The
research aims at determining the effects of socio-economic characteristics as
well as the level of participation of the residents in Kaduna metropolis in tourism
with a view of identifying the hindering factors that determines their tourism
habits and making recommendations for suitable tourism participation. A
structured questionnaire was designed, validated and administered through
cluster sampling procedure. The review of literature was made on determinants
of tourism and its inter-related activities. The results from the analysis of
the data provided by the respondents revealed that the residents were involved
more in local travels as compared to international tours. From the test of
association between selected variables with tourism habits, variables like
ethnic group, religious affiliation, financial capability, work schedule were
the significant determinants of tourism habits among the residents to improve
tourism participation, the study outlined some recommendations which included;
funding by Government through creation and implementation of policies that will
support tourism participation financially, construction and maintenance of good
roads, improved security, awareness programmes on the importance of tourism and
its participation.
CHAPTER
ONE
1.0 Introduction
Tourism
is defined as a composite of activities, services, and industries that delivers
a travel experience to individuals and groups travelling fifty miles (about
eighty kilometres) or more from their homes for purposes of pleasure. Tourism
is travel for recreational, leisure or business purposes. The World Tourism
Organization defines tourists as people who "travel to and stay in places
outside their usual environment for more than twenty-four (24) hours and not
more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes not
related to the exercise of an activity remunerated from within the place
visited.
In
1941, Hunziker and Krapf defined tourism as people who travel "the sum of
the phenomena and relationships arising from the travel and stay of
non-residents, insofar as they do not lead to permanent residence and are not
connected with any earning activity." In 1976, the Tourism Society of
England's definition was: "Tourism is the temporary, short-term movement
of people to destination outside the places where they normally live and work
and their activities during the stay at each destination. It includes movements
for all purposes." In 1981, the International Association of Scientific
Experts in Tourism defined tourism in terms of particular activities selected
by choice and undertaken outside the home. The termstourism and travel are
sometimes used interchangeably. In this context, travel has a similar
definition to tourism, but implies a more purposeful journey. The terms
tourismand touristare sometimes used pejoratively, to imply a shallow interest
in the cultures or locations visited by tourists
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